Prophylactic and Curative Effect of Boswellia Serrata on Blood Glucose Level and Architecture of Pancreas in Diabetic Mice Induced by Alloxan

Abstract

Background and objectives. Herbal medicines have gained significant attention from the scientific community for treating and managing diabetes in both developing and developed countries. Boswellia serrata, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has been historically used to treat various diseases. This study aimed to determine the effect of Boswellia serrata on body weight, blood glucose level, and pancreas architecture in alloxan-induced diabetes in albino mice. Methods. Forty albino male mice, aged 10 to 12 weeks and weighing between 24 and 34 grams, were divided into four groups of ten each. The first group was the negative control group, and the second group was the diabetic positive control group that received 120 mg/kg alloxan intraperitoneally. The third group received a single injection of alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg bw and was treated with Boswellia serrata macerated at a dose of 150 mg/kg bw for four weeks. The fourth group received orally Boswellia serrata extract at a dose of 150 mg/kg for two weeks, followed by a single injection of alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg, and were left for two weeks. Results. This study found that Boswellia serrata has antidiabetic properties in diabetic mice, as it significantly reduced blood sugar levels compared to the diabetic group. Additionally, histological analyses of the groups treated with B. serrata showed a significant improvement in the harmful effects of alloxan on pancreatic islet cells. Conclusion. Boswellia serrata has shown a notable improvement in the detrimental effect of alloxan on pancreatic islet cells, and its curative effect has been proven to be better than its prophylactic effect. This is supported by the improved blood glucose levels and the histological changes that were more pronounced.